What does a backend web framework such as Spring Boot, FastAPI or Django do for you?

It gives ready-made blocks: routing, JSON and database access (Correct option)
It replaces the need for a database in the application
It designs the screens and the pages that users will see
It makes the physical server faster by tuning the hardware

It provides ready-made building blocks for common server tasks: receiving requests, routing URLs to your code, reading JSON, talking to databases

Without a framework you would write by hand how to read network requests, parse data and match URLs.

A framework solves those repeated problems so you write only your own logic.

Example: in Spring Boot you write a method and mark it with @GetMapping("/hello"), and the framework calls it when someone visits /hello.

Framework = reusable foundation for server code.